intro 21


Illustrated Anatomical and Procedural Review – Explanation

Why this page is important

  • CPC exam tests medical terminology meaning
  • If you know prefix + root + suffix, you can guess answers even if the word is new
  • This page is a quick reference for coding accuracy

1. Prefixes, Suffixes, and Roots (Basics)

Prefix

  • Comes at the beginning of a word
  • Changes the meaning

Suffix

  • Comes at the end of a word
  • Often tells condition, disease, procedure

👉 Example:
Appendicitis

  • appendic = appendix
  • -itis = inflammation

2. Common Prefixes (Conditions)

Prefix Meaning Example Meaning of Example
ambi- both ambidextrous both hands
aniso- unequal anisocoria unequal pupils
dys- bad / painful dysphoria discomfort
eu- good / normal euthanasia good death
hetero- different heterogeneous different types
homo- same homogeneous same type
hyper- excessive / above hypergastric above stomach
hypo- below / deficient hypogastric below stomach
iso- equal isotonic equal tension
mal- bad / poor malaise discomfort
megalo- large megalocardia enlarged heart

📌 CPC Tip:
Hyper = high
Hypo = low
👉 Very common MCQ trick!

3. Suffixes (Conditions)

Suffix Meaning Example
-algia pain neuralgia
-asthenia weakness myasthenia
-emia blood condition anemia
-iasis condition amebiasis
-itis inflammation appendicitis
-lysis breakdown hemolysis
-lytic destroying hemolytic
-oid like lipoid
-oma tumor carcinoma
-opathy disease arthropathy
-rrhagia bleeding hemorrhage
-rrhea discharge amenorrhea
-osis abnormal condition tuberculosis
-paresis weakness hemiparesis
-plasia growth hyperplasia
-plegia paralysis paraplegia
-pnea breathing apnea

📌 High-yield CPC suffixes:
-itis, -oma, -osis, -ectomy, -otomy

4. Number Prefixes

Prefix Meaning Example
mono-, uni- one unilateral
bi- two bilateral
tri- three triad
quadr- four quadriplegia
hex-, sex- six hexose
diplo- double diplopia

📌 Exam Trick:
Unilateral ≠ Bilateral
(one side vs both sides)

5. Surgical Procedure Suffixes (VERY IMPORTANT)

Suffix Meaning Example
-centesis puncture to remove fluid amniocentesis
-ectomy surgical removal appendectomy
-ostomy new opening colostomy
-otomy cutting into tracheotomy
-orrhaphy surgical repair herniorrhaphy
-pexy fixation nephropexy
-plasty repair rhinoplasty
-tripsy crushing lithotripsy

📌 Golden Rule for CPC:

  • -ectomy = remove
  • -otomy = cut
  • -ostomy = opening

6. How CPC Uses This Page

  • MCQs asking meaning of medical terms
  • Procedure vs diagnosis identification
  • Modifier logic (later chapters)
  • ICD-10 & CPT understanding


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